Switching between periods

Ottoman Period and Modern Era
Roman and Byzantine periods – Mishna and Talmud Period
The Middle Ages – Muslims, Crusaders, Ayyubids and Mamluks
Return to Zion and the Second Temple Period
Bronze Age - The Canaanite Period
Iron Age I – The Period of the Settlement and Judges
Iron Age II – King David and the First Temple Period
Prehistory - Chalcolithic Period

The Middle Ages – Muslims, Crusaders, Ayyubids and Mamluks

The Muslim conquest of the Land of Israel marks the end of the Roman-Byzantine period and the beginning of the Middle Ages. Contrary to what the name might imply, the Middle Ages are not necessarily considered a period of decline and loss of significance. This era is divided into several sub-periods: the Early Muslim period (which itself includes three sub-periods – Umayyad, Abbasid, and Fatimid, containing a brief Seljuk episode), the Crusader period, the Ayyubid period, and the Mamluk period.

Megalim Articles

The Reich-Shukron Excavations in the City of David (1995–2010)

Ronny Reich, 2021

This article summarizes the main discoveries and insights from the excavations conducted by the Rony Reich and Eli Shukron expedition in the City of David between 1995-2010, in preparation for the publication of the first part of the final excavation report. Among their discoveries are the Bronze age fortifications of Gihon Spring, the continuation of the excavation of Channel II of the ancient water system, remains of a wall from the Iron Age near Channel II, the monumental staircase identified by the excavators as the Siloam Pool from the Second Temple period, and more.

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